In recent years, blockchain, the foundational technology of Bitcoin, has attracted substantial interest from industry and academics. Specifically, blockchain technology becomes regarded as a rapid innovation joining the global supply chain in the digital era. Adopting blockchain technology makes digital supply chain operations more transparent, safer, traceable, and resilient. Despite this rosy outlook, many barriers prevent its adoption considering the digital supply chains’ viability performance. This paper aims to explore crucial barriers to the implementation of blockchain technology in viable digital supply chains. In this context. a total of 12 barriers were identified through a comprehensive literature review and discussion with team experts. This paper presents a DEMATEL-based method for investigating identified blockchain technology adoption barriers and developing a causality diagraph. The elaborated diagraph illustrates the causality relationship between barriers. This study gives stakeholders an overview of the barriers that should be prioritized and addressed to ensure Blockchain technology’s successful implementation in viable digital supply chains.